Periodontics Diseases

Periodontal disease, or gum disease, is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the gums and bone tissue surrounding teeth. If left untreated, it could lead to bleeding gums, tooth loss and a host of other ailments such as heart disease and strokes. The main cause of periodontal disease is associated with bacteria from plaque which is constantly being formed in everyone's mouths. However, other factors such as genetics can influence the progression of the disease.

Two types of periodontal disease exists: gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis, or the inflammation of the gums, is the early and the mildest form of periodontal disease. Bacteria, which is not removed by brushing and flossing, causes the gums to swell and bleed. Fortunately, this form is reversible with professional treatment and good oral hygiene.

When gingivitis is not controlled in time, it can advance to periodontitis. Bacteria from the plaque travels below the gumline and release toxins which destroy bone that is holding the teeth in place. The gums then separate from the teeth and pockets are formed in which more bacteria get trapped. Ultimately this cycle of bone destruction will lead to loss of teeth.

Several research studies have found direct links between periodontal disease and heart disease. Basically when the bacteria is not removed from the mouth, it enter the bloodstream and clogs up the arteries and viens throughout the body. This can lead to decreased blood flow to the heart and brain and thus leading to heart attacks and strokes.

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